koa2的洋葱模型遵循先进后出的原则,这点和栈的特性很像。请求从最外层进去,响应从最外层出来。下面有两张概念图提供参考:

www.programman.cn

实现洋葱模型的核心代码在 koa-compose 里面:

function compose(middleware) {
  if (!Array.isArray(middleware))
    throw new TypeError('Middleware stack must be an array!');
  for (const fn of middleware) {
    if (typeof fn !== 'function')
      throw new TypeError('Middleware must be composed of functions!');
  }

  return function(context, next) {
    // last called middleware #
    let index = -1;
    return dispatch(0);
    function dispatch(i) {
      if (i <= index)
        return Promise.reject(new Error('next() called multiple times'));
      index = i;
      let fn = middleware[i];
      if (i === middleware.length) fn = next;
      if (!fn) return Promise.resolve();
      try {
        return Promise.resolve(fn(context, dispatch.bind(null, i + 1)));
      } catch (err) {
        return Promise.reject(err);
      }
    }
  };
}

其中,compose 函数,负责处理注册的所有中间件,我们使用以下方式注册中间件(middleware)

app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
  // code
  await next();
  // code
});
app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
  // code
  await next();
  // code
});

那么,koa2 是如何处理注册的中间件,并实现它的洋葱模型呢?
koa2 会将注册的所有中间件函数,放在数组 middleware 中,使用 koa-compose,处理 moddleware 这个数组。

下面就是对 compose 函数的解析:

function compose(middleware) {
  //  容错判断,如果middleware不是数组,或者元素不是函数,则抛异常
  if (!Array.isArray(middleware))
    throw new TypeError('Middleware stack must be an array!');
  for (const fn of middleware) {
    if (typeof fn !== 'function')
      throw new TypeError('Middleware must be composed of functions!');
  }

  // compose函数最终返回一个闭包函数
  return function(context, next) {
    // last called middleware #
    let index = -1;
    return dispatch(0);
    // 使用递归操作,将各个function作为前一个function的next参数传递过去
    function dispatch(i) {
      if (i <= index)
        return Promise.reject(new Error('next() called multiple times'));
      index = i;
      let fn = middleware[i];
      if (i === middleware.length) fn = next;
      if (!fn) return Promise.resolve();
      try {
        return Promise.resolve(fn(context, dispatch.bind(null, i + 1)));
      } catch (err) {
        return Promise.reject(err);
      }
    }
  };
}

发表评论

您的电子邮箱地址不会被公开。 必填项已用*标注